THERMAL TRANSPORT IN SOLIDS: PHONONS, ELECTRONS, AND NANOSCALE EFFECTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12060/jet-ep-v27.i2-3Keywords:
Thermal transport, phonons, heat conduction, nanoscale materials, condensed matter physics.Abstract
Thermal transport in solids plays a crucial role in condensed matter physics and engineering applications, ranging from microelectronic thermal management to energy conversion technologies. Heat conduction in solids is primarily governed by phonons and electrons, whose transport behavior depends on material structure, dimensionality, and scattering mechanisms. This paper presents a comprehensive review of thermal transport mechanisms in crystalline and disordered solids, discusses phonon and electron contributions, examines size and dimensionality effects at the nanoscale, and highlights modern engineering applications and challenges.