LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF GREEN BUILDINGS

Abstract

Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) has become a pivotal analytical tool for evaluating environmental impacts of green buildings across their entire lifespan—from material extraction, construction, and operation to end-of-life disposal. By quantifying energy use, greenhouse gas emissions, resource depletion, and other environmental indicators, LCA supports sustainable decision-making and promotes climate-responsive design. This paper reviews key LCA methodologies relevant to the building sector, proposes an integrated LCA framework for green buildings, and presents a comparative analysis of conventional vs. green building designs. The results demonstrate that buildings designed with LCA principles significantly reduce environmental impacts—especially embodied carbon and energy use—when sustainable materials, efficient energy systems, and optimized operations are adopted. The study concludes with discussion on practical implementation challenges and future research directions to enhance LCA adoption in sustainable construction.