SPINTRONICS: SPIN TRANSPORT PHENOMENA IN CONDENSED MATTER SYSTEMS

Abstract

Spintronics, or spin-based electronics, exploits the intrinsic spin of electrons in addition to their charge to store, process, and transmit information. By utilizing spin-dependent transport phenomena, spintronic devices offer advantages such as non-volatility, reduced power consumption, and enhanced processing speed compared to conventional charge-based electronics. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental principles of spintronics, spin transport mechanisms in condensed matter systems, material platforms, experimental techniques, and emerging engineering applications. Current challenges and future prospects in spintronic research are also discussed.